The polymerization of resin monomers was initiated in the presence of nanofibers as structural templates to prepare a hydrogel with nanofibrous networks, followed by the drying and pyrolysis to get hard carbon aerogel. During polymerization, the monomers deposit on templates and weld the fiber-fiber joints, leaving a random network structure with massive robust joints. Moreover, physical properties (such as diameters of nanofiber, densities of aerogels, and mechanical properties) can be controlled by simply tuning templates and the amount of raw materials.

FRP gratings are commonly molded using high-strength fiberglass reinforcement materials along with resin and other additive agents to enhance product quality. Molded FRP gratings find widespread use across various industrial sectors such as power generation, waste processing, oil refining, mining, and more. Additionally, these gratings are increasingly utilized in commercial settings as interior and exterior materials, including drainage systems, fencing, building facades, ceilings, and others.