This article discusses the discovery of phosphorescent lithopone on watercolor drawings by American artist John La Farge dated between 1890 and 1905 and the history of lithopone in the pigment industry in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Despite having many desirable qualities for use in white watercolor or oil paints, the development of lithopone as an artists’ pigment was hampered by its tendency to darken in sunlight. Its availability to, and adoption by, artists remain unclear, as colormen's trade catalogs were generally not explicit in describing white pigments as containing lithopone. Further, lithopone may be mistaken for lead white during visual examination and its short-lived phosphorescence can be easily missed by the uninformed observer. Phosphorescent lithopone has been documented on only one other work-to-date: a watercolor by Van Gogh. In addition to the history of lithopone's manufacture, the article details the mechanism for its phosphorescence and its identification aided by Raman spectroscopy and spectrofluorimetry.
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This work was supported by SECyT-UNC Consolidar tipo I [2018-2021] and FONCyT, Argentina [grant number 0821-2014]. MVV holded a EVC-CIN scholarship from SECyT UNC. AM, MFPP AND MFC hold CONICET, FONCyT and SECyT scholarships respectively, and MJS, AZ, VA, MFP and MCB are career members of CONICET.
If you want to avoid titanium dioxide, read labels carefully and stick to minimally processed whole foods.
The versatility of R-906 makes it an ideal choice for a variety of printing applications, including packaging, labels, and publications The versatility of R-906 makes it an ideal choice for a variety of printing applications, including packaging, labels, and publicationswholesale printing ink grade rutile titanium dioxide r-906.EINECS accession number: 215-715-5
Lithopone is produced by coprecipitation of barium sulfate and zinc sulfide. Most commonly coprecipitation is effected by combining equimolar amounts of zinc sulfate and barium sulfide:
This work confirms previous studies that show P-25 and other untreated anatase 377 nanoparticles should not be employed in sunscreens because the toxicity of P25TiO2NPs under UV radiation is significant.
The annual production capacity of high-grade rutile titanium dioxide has reached more than 400,000 tons. It is one of the largest TiO2 manufacturers in China at present. It has more than ten product brands of Taiohua, Jinxing and other brands, and its products are sold in more than 50 countries and regions around the world. It has long maintained the excellent performance of the second overall ranking in the domestic titanium dioxide industry.
Its chemical formula is TiO2, which means it consists of one titanium atom and two oxygen atoms (hence dioxide). It has a CAS (Chemical Abstracts Service) registration number of 13463-67-7.
The Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety issued an opinion of the safety of titanium dioxide in food, stating that it should no longer be considered as safe when used as a food additive.
Most food-grade titanium dioxide is around 200–300 nanometers (nm) in diameter. This size allows for ideal light scattering, resulting in the best color (1Trusted Source).
It is recommended to store Titanium Dioxide in a well-maintained and dry environment, safeguarding it from exposure to elevated temperatures, open flames, or aromatic chemicals. When transporting Titanium Dioxide pigments, they are commonly packaged in paper bags weighing 25 kg (50 lb) or in large bags constructed from woven polypropylene materials.
Thanks to its rheological and optical properties, lithopone supplier 30% offers both technical and economic advantages in the substitution of titanium dioxide in different applications. Among these advantages, it has been observed that lithopone supplier 30% has algaecidal properties in paints, which gives greater protection to the coating.
According to data released by the China Coatings Industry Association, the total production of China's coatings industry has increased from 12.72 million tons in 2012 to 24.388 million tons in 2019, with a compound annual growth rate of 9.7%. Coatings, as an intermediate commodity, are closely related to downstream consumer markets such as the automotive industry, real estate, infrastructure, and home furnishings.
