This route affords a product that is 29.4 wt % ZnS and 70.6 wt % BaSO₄. Variations exist, for example, more ZnS-rich materials are produced when zinc chloride is added to the mixture of zinc sulfate and barium sulfide.

Notes on contributors

A 2012 study published in the journal Environmental Science & Technology noted that children are especially exposed to titanium dioxide because of the food that contains the food additive and is particularly marketed to children, including candy and cakes.

Group 2B carcinogen

In addition to pigments and sunscreens, titanium dioxide is also used in the production of paper, food products, and pharmaceuticals. In the paper industry, titanium dioxide is added to paper coatings to improve brightness, smoothness, and printability. In the food industry, titanium dioxide is used as a whitening agent in products such as candies, chewing gum, and icing. In the pharmaceutical industry, titanium dioxide is used as a coloring agent in tablets and capsules.

Recent analyses of food-grade TiO₂ samples have found that a significant portion of particles may be within the nanoscale. These particles (also known as nanoparticles) range in size from 1 to 100 nm, where 1 nm equals 1 billionth of a metre (the width of a typical human hair is 80,000 to 100,000 nm).

Asia

The agency makes this exception for several approved color additives. 

The chemical is also found in common household and industrial products such as paints, coatings, adhesives, paper, plastics and rubber, printing inks, coated fabrics and textiles, as well as ceramics.